Abstract

Aim of the study: The therapeutic application of bee venom (BV) has been used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as arthritis, rheumatism and pain. Macrophages produce molecules that are known to play roles in inflammatory responses. Material and methods: We performed microarray analysis to evaluate the global gene expression profiles of RAW264.7 macrophage cells treated with BV. In addition, six genes were subjected to real-time PCR to confirm the results of the microarray. The cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or BV plus LPS for 30 min or 1 h. Results: 124 genes were found to be up-regulated and 158 were found to be down-regulated in cells that were treated with BV plus LPS for 30 min, whereas 211 genes were up-regulated and 129 were down-regulated in cells that were treated with BV plus LPS for 1 h when compared with cells that were treated with LPS alone. Furthermore, the results of real-time PCR were similar to those of the microarray. BV inhibited the expression of specific inflammatory genes that were up-regulated by nuclear factor-kappa B in the presence of LPS, including mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 (MAP3K8), TNF, TNF-α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1), JUN, and CREB binding protein (CBP). Conclusions: These results demonstrate the potent activity of BV as a modulator of the LPS-mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/MAPK pathway in activated macrophages. In addition, these results can be used to understand other effects of BV treatment. © 2008.

Author keywords

Bee venom; Gene expression; Lipopolysaccharide; Macrophages; Microarray analysis

Indexed keywords

EMTREE drug terms: bee venom; cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein binding protein; immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein; lipopolysaccharide; mitogen activated protein kinase; protein; protein c jun; protein MAP3K8; protein TNFAIP3; suppressor of cytokine signaling 3; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1; unclassified drug

EMTREE medical terms: animal cell; article; cell line; controlled study; down regulation; drug activity; drug response; gene expression; macrophage; microarray analysis; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; real time polymerase chain reaction; unindexed sequence; upregulation

MeSH: Animals; Bee Venoms; Down-Regulation; Gene Expression Profiling; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; NF-kappa B; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Time Factors; Up-Regulation
Medline is the source for the MeSH terms of this document.

Species Index: Apoidea

Molecular Sequence Numbers: GENBANK,AB009397(referenced), AK009502(referenced), AK011886(referenced), AK037002(referenced), AK041096(referenced), AK049489(referenced), AK052396(referenced), AK054257(referenced), AK078415(referenced), AK089281(referenced), NM_007707(referenced), NM_007836(referenced), NM_007837(referenced), NM_007913(referenced), NM_008268(referenced), NM_008348(referenced), NM_008350(referenced), NM_008361(referenced), NM_008842(referenced), NM_009140(referenced), NM_009396(referenced), NM_009397(referenced), NM_009404(referenced), NM_009505(referenced), NM_009971(referenced), NM_010090(referenced), NM_010118(referenced), NM_010493(referenced), NM_010591(referenced), NM_010592(referenced), NM_010907(referenced), NM_011333(referenced), NM_011337(referenced), NM_011361(referenced), NM_013613(referenced), NM_013642(referenced), NM_013652(referenced), NM_013654(referenced), NM_013693(referenced), NM_013908(referenced), NM_018781(referenced), NM_019466(referenced), NM_133662(referenced), NM_133852(referenced), NM_153556(referenced), NM_176933(referenced), NM_178716(referenced), X67644(referenced), XM_148699(referenced), XM_904896(referenced)

Chemicals and CAS Registry Numbers: cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein binding protein, 190209-80-4; mitogen activated protein kinase, 142243-02-5; protein, 67254-75-5;Bee Venoms; Lipopolysaccharides; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, EC 2.7.1.37; NF-kappa B